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Top: Society: Philosophy: Philosophers: S
| Description: Saadia Gaon (Saadya Gaon, Saadya ben Joseph, Sa'id ibn Yusuf al-Fayyumi), 882-942. Early medieval Jewish philosopher who championed the importance of reason. He wrote in Arabic and Hebrew. |
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| Description: Saadia Gaon (Saadya Gaon, Saadya ben Joseph, Sa'id ibn Yusuf al-Fayyumi), 882-942. Early medieval Jewish philosopher who championed the importance of reason. He wrote in Arabic and Hebrew. |
Saadia Gaon (Saadya Gaon, Saadya ben Joseph, Sa'id ibn Yusuf al-Fayyumi), 882-942. Early medieval Jewish philosopher who championed the importance of reason. He wrote in Arabic and Hebrew.
| Description: Francisco Sanchez (Sanches), c. 1550-1623. Early modern skeptical thinker and medical writer, who worked in Toulouse but had been born in Portugal. He attacked both the Platonic and Aristotelian theories of knowledge. Sanchez's most important work is the epistemological Quod Nihil Scitur (That Nothing Is Known). |
Francisco Sanchez (Sanches), c. 1550-1623. Early modern skeptical thinker and medical writer, who worked in Toulouse but had been born in Portugal. He attacked both the Platonic and Aristotelian theories of knowledge. Sanchez's most important work is the epistemological Quod Nihil Scitur (That Nothing Is Known).
For sites on the subject of George Santayana (1863-1952), whose naturalism and emphasis on constructive imagination announced important intellectual changes on both sides of the Atlantic."To have imagination and taste, to love the best, to be carried by the contemplation of nature to a vivid faith in the ideal, all this is more, a great deal more, than any science can hope to be. The poets and philosophers who express this aesthetic experience and stimulate the same function in us by their example, do a greater service to mankind and deserve higher honor than the discoveries of historical truths."
Jean-Paul Sartre, 1905-1980. French philosopher and writer, the most prominent member of the Existentialist school (though he at times denied being an existentialist).
| Description: Julius Caesar Scaliger (della Scala, Scaligeri, Bordon, Bordonius), 1484-1558. Catholic humanist philosopher, physician and botanist. A stout follower of Aristotle, he won fame for his vitriolic attacks on Erasmus. His views on literature, which placed Seneca and Virgil above the Greeks, were widely followed. |
Julius Caesar Scaliger (della Scala, Scaligeri, Bordon, Bordonius), 1484-1558. Catholic humanist philosopher, physician and botanist. A stout follower of Aristotle, he won fame for his vitriolic attacks on Erasmus. His views on literature, which placed Seneca and Virgil above the Greeks, were widely followed.
Max Scheler, 1874-1928. German philosopher and follower of Husserl. Associated with philosophical anthropology and the sociology of knowledge.
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, 1775-1854. German thinker who drifted through the Idealist and Romantic traditions. Although much more widely published and read than his contemporary Hegel, his impact has proven to be much less.
| Description: Moritz Schlick, 1882-1936. Austrian philosopher of science, founder of the Vienna Circle of logical positivist thought. |
F. A. Moritz Schlick, 1882-1936. Austrian philosopher of science, founder of the Vienna Circle of logical positivist thought.
Arthur Schopenhauer, 1788-1860. Pessimistic German philosopher known for the clarity and bitterness of his writing. He is also remembered for being the first major Western to have detailed knowledge of an Eastern tradition, namely Hinduism's Vedic texts. His primary influence was on Friedrich Nietzsche.
Alfred Schutz, 1899-1959. German thinker and Husserlian phenomenologist with links to the Heidelberg school of social thought.
John Searle, b. 1932. American philosopher of mind and language, best known for his argument that computers are incapabable of true intelligence. He has also been influential in the development of speech act theory.
Wilfrid Sellars, 1912-1989. American functionalist philosopher and critic of foundationalist epistemology.
Sextus Empiricus, Hellenistic philosopher of the Pyrrhonist Skeptic school, fl. c. 200 AD. His Outlines of Pyrrhonism are the most coherent account of this school that has come down to us.
Anthony Ashley Cooper, third Earl of Shaftesbury, 1671-1713. English gentleman, patron and student of John Locke. Known as an essayist and moral philosopher.
Lev Shestov, also known as Leon Chestov, 1866-1938. Russian Jewish existentialist philosopher who associated with Buber, Husserl and Berdyaev. Known for his insightful commentaries on prior thinkers.
Henry Sidgwick, 1838-1900. English philosopher.
| Description: Algernon Sidney, 1622-1683. Early modern English politician and political philosopher, beheaded for plotting against the throne. |
Algernon Sidney, 1622-1683. Early modern English politician and political philosopher, beheaded for plotting against the throne.
| Works by Peter Singer. |
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Links related to the work and life of Socrates, an ancient greek philosopher. IMPORTANT NOTE: Socrates left behind no writings, so all of our knwoledge of him comes from other sources. The most important source is the work of his student, Plato. Plato wrote in dialogue fashion, using Socrates as his main protagonist. Hence, many links presented here may be more about those philosophers who wrote about Socrates.
Vladimir Solovyov, 1853-1900. Notable Russian religious philosopher of the 19th century. He was influenced by German Idealism and had a strong influence, in turn, on the Russian Symbolist school of poetry.
Herbert Spencer, 1820-1903. English philosopher best known for his application of Darwinism to human society.
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Description: Speusippus of Athens, fl. mid-4th century BC. |