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Cheyenne River

In 1889, through twists of fate and the intricacies of U.S. Indian Policy, the area that is now officially (and federally) designated as the Cheyenne River Sioux Indian Reservation became home to four of the seven bands of the Lakota Nation. Lakota means "allies" or "friends." It is the name that the people of this area gave to themselves long before Lewis and Clark and other explorers arrived. It is common for Lakota tribes and tribal members to refer to themselves and their tribes with their traditional name, Lakota, rather than their federal name, Sioux. The Lakota people make up what is called the OCETI SAKOWIN (Seven Council Fires).

The four bands of the Lakota Nation that make up the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation are the

(The other three bands of the Lakota Nation are the

Oweesta

The Wind River Reservation serves as the contemporary home of the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho tribes. The reservation covers more than 2.2 million acres in central Wyoming's beautiful Wind River Basin. The Wind River Basin, the traditional home of the Shoshones for centuries, is called "The Warm Valley of the Wind River" by its native inhabitants. The reservation is the third largest in the United States.

Under their leader, Chief Washakie, the Eastern Shoshone people were established on the reservation under the Fort Bridger Treaty of 1868. The Northern Arapaho, under their leaders Black Coal, Sharp Nose, Little Wolf, and White Horse, settled on the reservation beginning in 1877.

While the Eastern Shoshone and the Northern Arapaho tribes shared the buffalo-hunting tradition of the Great Plains, they did not share the same culture. The history of the Wind River Reservation, then, has been a story of struggle and cooperation. The Eastern Shoshone Indians have settlements at Fort Washakie, Wind River, and Crowheart in the northern and western parts of the reservation. The Northern Arapaho Indians have settlements at Ethete, Arapahoe, and St. Stephens in the southeastern part.

The Wind River Reservation is significant among Indian reservations in the United States because it is the only reservation in the U.S. that occupies lands chosen by the tribe compelled to live there. Chief Washakie, famed chief of the Shoshone, signed the treaty which established the reservation in 1868. Though a courageous leader in battle, renowned for his legendary victory over a rival Crow chief atop Crow Heart Butte (pictured), Washakie was also a wise peacemaker who negotiated successfully for a reservation on the tribe's historic lands.

-- www.shoshoneindian.com

cabinda

Cabinda is a small territory, with a population of 300,000. About one third of Cabindans are refugees in the DR Congo. Cabinda is separated from Angola by DR Congo, which bounds the province on the south and the east. Cabinda is bounded on the north by the Republic of the Congo, and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean.

Adjacent to the coast are some of the biggest oilfields of the world. Petroleum production began in 1968 and the region now accounts for most of Angola's output.

Modern Cabinda results from the fusion of three kingdoms, N'Goyo, Loango and Kacongo, as a Portuguese protectorate in 1885. (The area is also known as the Portuguese Congo.) In 1975 Cabinda was incorporated into newly-independent Angola, but the validity of this action has been disputed since by the armed Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC) as well as by civil society groups. It is currently administered as an exclave of Angola.

-- from Wikipedia

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